Pace Energy and Climate Center

18 Apr 2022

Strengthening Small Farms and Their Communities Through Solar Farming - Ridge View 350 MW Solar PV Project Social and Economic Assessment

Author: Craig Hart

Topics: Agriculture, Farming, Job Creation, Social and Economic Impact, Solar PV,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2022

Abstract: This study assesses the social and economic impacts of a 350 MW solar PV project to be installed on approximately 40 farms in the Town of Hartland, Niagara County, New York area by EDF Renewables. This study identifies between $177 million to $229 million in revenues and other benefits delivered by the Ridge View project to the Hartland community and surrounding areas. The study demonstrates that the project will increase and diversify participating farm revenues, support community investment, create jobs for construction and maintenance, and increase spending in the local community, helping create opportunities for diversifying the local economy. The study recommends careful project siting practices, including setbacks and visual buffers...

01 Jun 2021

Overcoming Legal and Regulatory Barriers to District Geothermal in New York State

Author: Craig Hart, Thomas Bourgeois, Emma Lagle, Joseph O’Brien-Applegate and Jessica Laird

Topics: Decarbonization, Economics, Energy Efficiency, Geothermal energy, Regulation,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2021

Abstract: This study examines the legal and regulatory issues confronting the development of district geothermal energy systems in the State of New York. Although geothermal technology is a reliable and economically feasible zero-emission source of building heat, resolving regulatory and property rights and permitting issues required to adopt district geothermal systems pose significant barriers. We evaluate geothermal projects along a continuum of complexity—from single owner systems—including a single owner of multiple buildings on a single parcel of land (such as a college campus)—to systems that involve multiple owners of buildings on numerous parcels of land (such as serving a downtown core). This study considers how property rights and pe...

15 Jul 2020

Zero Net Gas: A Framework for Managing Gas Demand Reduction as a Pathway to Decarbonizing the Buildings Sector

Author: Radina Valova, Craig Hart, Tom Bourgois, Joseph O'Brien-Applegate

Topics: Energy Efficiency, GHG, LMI, Low and Moderate Income, REV, Technology, Utility Reform,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: UNKNOWN

Abstract: To meet Paris Agreement greenhouse gas reduction targets, gas distribution utilities and the buildings they serve—residential, small commercial, and large commercial and industrial buildings—must fully decarbonize. This paper proposes a Zero Net Gas demand reduction framework to achieve decarbonization of the buildings sector. The Zero Net Gas Framework is a policy and regulatory pathway to start reversing gas dependence in buildings, towards deep decarbonization. The ZNG strategy posits that gas consumption must be capped in the near-term—and incrementally reduced where possible—by pairing new gas demand with reductions in existing inefficient gas use through demand-side measures, such as energy efficiency, heat pumps and renewabl...

01 Apr 2019

Estimating the Air Emissions of Stationary Engine Generators under Two Megawatts

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Joseph O’Brien Applegate, Dr. Sreekanth Venkataraman, Dr. Praveen Amar

Topics: CHP, DER, Emissions, Energy,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2019

Abstract: The provision of electric power to homes, businesses and industry via distributed generation (“DG”)2 technologies has increased at a rapid pace over the last 10 to 15 years. New York has made the development of a distributed energy future a centerpiece of the Governor’s path breaking “Reforming the Energy Vision” initiative. The environmental consequences of dramatic increases in distributed generation, however, have not been empirically examined. Because certain forms of DG have previously only run to a very limited extent, their emissions were not regulated closely. However, evolving markets and new rate structures could create incentives that encourage an increase in the operating hours of fossil-fired DG. In this study we have...

04 Mar 2019

Reversing Energy System Inequity

Author: John Howat, John T. Colgan, Wendy Gerlitz, Melanie Santiago-Mosier and Karl R. Rábago

Topics: Low and Moderate Income,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2019

Abstract: Families in America with the least means pay disproportionately more for their electricity, sometimes lacking basic access to service altogether. It’s a fundamental inequity of our current energy landscape, and one that can lead to dangerous repercussions. As technology, economics, public appetite and policy steadily drive the transition to clean energy, there are frequent decisions to be made at utilities commissions and other venues about how to implement, facilitate and accelerate the needed change. This paper highlights three foundational keys for getting decisions right for residential customers with the least means: 1) DATA: Collection and distribution of comprehensive residential customer data, broken out for low- and moderate-...

19 Feb 2019

Pace Energy and Climate Center 2018 Annual Report

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Annual Report, Energy Efficiency, Renewables, Solar, Utility,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2019

Abstract: The Pace Energy and Climate Center had a great 2018! We filed hundreds of pages of comments, testimony, and recommendations in utility regulatory proceedings, and spoke up and made a difference for clean energy and energy justice in rate cases and grid modernization/utility transformation cases in several states. The year ahead promises to be as exciting and important as the one just completed. Thanks to the continued support and confidence of our government and foundation funders and expert assistance clients, we will be working to secure clean energy.

28 Oct 2018

Revisiting Bonbright’s Principles of Public Utility Rates in a DER World

Author: Karl R. Rábago, Radina Valova

Topics: Energy, Utility, Utility Reform,

States: National,

Resource Type: New Article

Adoption Year: 2018

Abstract: This article originally appeared in The Electricity Journal, Volume 1, Issue 8, pp. 9-13 (October 2018), available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040619018302276. Reprinted with permission from The Electricity Journal and Elsevier under a Creative Commons license: Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License. Full license terms: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode. Abstract: Professor James Bonbright’s Principles of Public Utility Rates, first published in 1961, was built around a model of vertically integrated electricity monopolies and approached ratemaking largely as an exercise in balancing the interests of capital attraction with those of...

18 Oct 2018

Supplemental comments about PURPA

Author: Karl Rabago, Radina Valova, SELC, ELPC

Topics: Energy Efficiency, Renewables, Solar, Utility,

States: National,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2018

Abstract: Many states and utilities fail to comply with existing PURPA regulations. Is PURPA still relevant and necessary today? Calls to reform PURPA ignore the remaining barriers to market entry that qualifying facilities face and overstate the need for reform.

12 Oct 2018

NESEMC Technical Report

Author: Karl Rabago

Topics: Solar,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2018

Abstract: The Northeast Solar Energy Market Coalition was a unique coalition of state-level solar business association organized to bring a regional emphasis to solar market development in the Northeast. The focus of the Coalition’s work was (1) to comprehensively map, monitor, and report solar market conditions and developments in the Northeast through the establishment and updating of a website, nesemc.com; (2) to track and provide support as requested on solar-related projects, demonstrations, and other initiatives in the region; (3) to develop and engage with Coalition members and key solar market stakeholders through an outreach and education program centered on the market development topics of highest priority to members; and (4) to develop t...

05 Oct 2018

Virginia's Proposed Regulations for Linking with the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: Complexity, Innovation, and a Few Cautions

Author: Karl Rabago

Topics: Cap and Trade, Energy, RGGI,

States: Virginia,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2018

Abstract: Virginia, and its governors in particular, deserve credit for taking on the complex issue of beginning to regulate carbon emissions from the power sector and other parts of the state economy. They have adopted an innovative approach based on a consignment method to accomplish these objectives. The approach has the consequence of added administrative complexity as compared to simpler models used in other states. Discussed here is the consignment method, its complexities, and an offering of a few cautions.

19 Mar 2018

A Distributed Energy Amenable Grid

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Pearl Gray, Radina Valova

Topics: DER, Utility,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2018

Abstract: Puerto Rico has the opportunity to rebuild its grid in a manner that makes the island more resilient. We find that PREPA can take action now to lay a strong foundation for distributed energy resources (DER) to integrate with the transmission & distribution system by making the right kind of capital equipment investments as it is being rebuilt. The future grid should be designed to accommodate far greater penetration of DER and ought to have the functionality to utilize DER as dynamic assets, supporting the grid. If PREPA fails to take actions to accommodate DER and beneficially utilize their grid support capabilities, it could face grid defection, and forego opportunities to significantly improve grid performance, productivity, and syst...

05 Dec 2017

Emissions Leakage In RGGI: An Analysis of the Current State and Recommendations for a Path Forward

Author: Sheryl L. Musgrove, Geordi A. Taylor, Radina R. Valova, Karl R. Rábago

Topics: RGGI,

States: New England,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2017

Abstract: Emissions leakage is a looming threat to the ongoing success of RGGI. This report, called “Emissions Leakage in RGGI: An Analysis of the Current State and Recommendations for a Path Forward,” discusses this looming threat and provides recommendations for policymakers on reducing leakage risk. The recommendations include expansion of energy efficiency efforts, extension of RGGI coverage to fossil-fuel power plants with a capacity of under 25MW, extension of the cap to cover emissions associated with imported electricity, and linking RGGI with additional states.

27 Nov 2017

Energy Commission Investigation Regarding the State of Puerto Rico's Electric System after Hurricane Maria

Author: Radina Valova

Topics: Energy, Utility Reform,

States: National,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2017

Abstract: The tragic weather events that destroyed so much of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico’s electricity infrastructure have sent a strong message about the brittle nature of central stationdominated electricity systems. The most important challenge facing the Commission is whether it will honor the grim lessons of recent hurricanes with actions to reduce the consequences of future severe weather events that are certain to follow.

01 Oct 2017

Recent Developmetns in Energy Efficiency Evaluation, Measurements, and Verification

Author: Seth Nowak, Maggie Molina, and Martin Kushler

Topics: Energy Efficiency,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2017

Abstract: The Report identifies states that exhibit policy and institutional leadership, discuss three topics that have recently received significant attention in the industry: deemed savings and technical reference manuals, common practice baselines, and advanced metering-based M&V enabled by greater data availability and improved data analytics.

11 Sep 2017

Voluntary and Corporate Renewable Energy in New York: Challenges to Maximize Voluntary Benefits and Meeting States Goals

Author: Prepared for Pace by CRS

Topics: DER, Renewables, Solar,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2017

Abstract: Since the adoption of New York's Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) in 2004, voluntary and compliance markets for renewable energy have been used together to meet state goals and drive in-state development. Today, the New York State Energy Plan (SEP) coordinates the Governor's energy initiative, Reforming the Energy Vision (REV), and the State's Energy Standard (CES). However, it is yet to be determined what proportion of the goals the voluntary market will represent, what requirements will be placed upon it, and whether or not generation serving voluntary buyers will be surplus to regulation. Like the rest of the Northeast, New York residents and businesses buy a large volume of voluntary green power, but New York does not supply much of i...

11 Sep 2017

Voluntary and Corporate Renewable Energy in the Northeast United States: Barriers and Opportunities for Growth

Author: Prepared for Pace by CRS

Topics: Markets, Renewable Energy, RGGI,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2017

Abstract: The second of three policy briefs prepared with the Pace Energy and Climate Center focusing on voluntary renewable energy in the Northeast United States, this brief identifies interactions between the voluntary renewable energy market and the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI). It also provides recommendations for strengthening mechanisms that protect voluntary demand in RGGI states.

01 Apr 2017

2016 Annual Report

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Utility Reform,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: 2016 Annual Report

01 Mar 2017

Transition Support Mechanisms for Communities Facing Full or Partial Coal Power Plant Retirement in New York

Author: Lisa Anne Hamilton, Radina Valova, And Karl R. Rábago, with the support of The Center's Law Student Interns: Sarah Main, Kirsten Yerger, Matt Farnsworth, and Perri Hom

Topics: Climate, Low and Moderate Income, Markets,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2017

Abstract: The Transition Support Mechanisms report, prepared by Pace Energy and Climate Center with the support of Environmental Defense Fund, documents best practices for supporting the economic and environmental health of communities in New York facing the closure of a coal-fired power plant. The report examines several decades of just transition case studies from across the United States, and describes the challenges faced by New York communities bracing for the mothballing or retirement of coal generators. Every community is unique, so while there can be no one-size-fits-all approach, the report recommends a number of resources that these communities can use to develop a just transition plan after a plant’s closure.

01 Jan 2017

Renewable Energy as an Economic Driver of Sustainable Development: UN High-Level Political Forum Side Event Report

Author: Richard Ottinger

Topics: DER, Solar,

States: International,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2017

Abstract: Renewable energy and sustainable energy more broadly must be central to efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Energy is often forgotten or glossed over as the basis for almost all modern human activity, seen as seperate from the healthcare, education, IT, construction, sanitation, etc that it enables. Renewable energy has become one of the most promising drivers for sustainable development, offering a way to reduce energy costs for households, and businesses.

15 Dec 2016

Solar Market Pathways

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Solar,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Misc

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: The Pace Energy and Climate Center is participating in the US Department of Energy's Solar Market Pathways program through the creation of the Northeast Solar Energy Market Coalition (NESEMC). NESEMC brings together solar energy business associations and other stakeholders in the Northeast to harmonize regional solar energy policy and advance the solar energy market. Solar Market Pathways is an effort funded by the US Department of Energy to drive down the cost of solar energy and accelerate deployment in communities across the United States. The program is part of the larger SunShot Initiative, which seeks to make solar cost competitive by 2020. Over the next three years, 14 Solar Market Pathways Awardees will develop strategies that expa...

20 Oct 2016

The Utilities of Maryland's Future: An Agenda for Transformation

Author: Karl R. Rábago, Jordan Gerow, Radina Valova, Sheryl Musgrove

Topics: DER, LMI, Utility Reform,

States: Maryland,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: The electric utility industry is undergoing a fundamental transformation. Moving from large centralized, capital-intensive, and highly polluting utility to a distributed, efficient, clean paradigm. This paper sets out the many key questions that must be addressed in order to carry out a regulatory agenda of market transformation.

01 Sep 2016

UN Environment guide for Energy Efficiency and Reneable Energy law

Author: Richard Ottinger, John Bowie, Adrian J. Bradbrook, David Goldstein, Katherine Kennedy, Philip Musegaas, Ethan Rogers, Ibibia Worika, David R. Hodas, Teresa Malyshev, Alexandrea Warwyk, Cho Kunja, Tumai Murombo, Juan Opposa, Shakeel Kazmi, Victor Tafur, Nana Safo, and Eugene Opoku-Serebuoh

Topics: Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy,

States: International,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: The guide is intended to advise government energy officials and project developers, implementers and funders, of the laws adapted throughout the world to facilitate initiation of sound and sustainable energy efficiency projects.

01 Sep 2016

UNEP Guide For Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Laws

Author: Richard Ottinger, Karl Rábago, Staff, Interns

Topics: Climate, International Energy, Renewable Energy,

States: International,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: The UN Guide to Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Laws is written to assist the many countries, communities, and companies responding with proposed sustainable energy initiatives to meet their commitments under the Paris Climate Change Agreement and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Published by the United Nations Environment Program, it is written in response to needs expressed by energy efficiency and renewable energy project initiators, government officials, energy managers, developers, funders, and particularly developing country energy legal draftsmen, asking for assistance in drafting needed legislation. The Guide uniquely describes the laws applicable to every kind of efficiency and renewable energy measure, and those to pre...

22 Aug 2016

Proposed Comprehensive Queue Reform Initiative

Author: Environmental Advocates, National Resources Defense Council, Pace Energy and Climate Center, and Riverkeeper

Topics: DER,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: The key to an efficient interconnection process is timely commitment, reasonable study of costs and procedures and effective timelines. The Proposed Comprehensive Queue Reform Initiative is a proactive start in resolving inefficiencies, however in order to accomplish New York State’s 50% Renewable Energy Mandate, effective queue reform must be more robust and extensive.

22 Aug 2016

Comments of Environmental Advocates, Natural Resources Defense Council, Pace Energy and Climate Center, and Riverkeeper on August 1, 2016 “Proposed Comprehensive Queue Reform Initiative

Author: Roni F. Epstein

Topics: Climate,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: none

05 Aug 2016

Comments on Volkswagen “Clean Diesel” Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litigation

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Emissions,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: Comments submitted to Assistant Attorney General Cruden, pursuant to the Department of Justice Notice dated July 6, 2016, on Proposed Partial Consent Decree Under the Clean Air Act; In Re: Volkswagen “Clean Diesel” Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litigation, Case No: MDL No. 2672 CRB (JSC).

01 Apr 2016

Amicus Brief in Support of Clean Power Plan

Author: Patrick Parenteau

Topics: Energy Efficiency,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: none

01 Apr 2016

Clean Power Plan Amicus Brief

Author: Karl R. Rábago

Topics: Climate, DER,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: Amicus brief filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit by sixteen former high-level state environmental and energy officials in support of the Clean Power Plan.

01 Apr 2016

2015 Annual Report

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: CHP, Climate, DER, Markets,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: The Pace Energy and Climate Center had an amazing year in 2015. Our staff members and law student interns engaged in some of the most important clean energy policy and development issues in New York and in the Northeast region, as well as in selected venues across the United States and around the world. We have made important progress in empowering continued advancement toward a cleaner energy present and a more sustainable future for all of us. We are really proud of what we have done, and hope you will find our report interesting and informative. We are especially grateful for all the support from Pace University and the Pace Law School, and from our many donors and clients. We couldn’t do any of this without them! You will find our rep...

16 Feb 2016

Primer on Solar Hot Water Technologies in New York State

Author: Karl R. Rábago, Daniel Leonhardt, Perri Hom

Topics: DER, Solar,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: This research report summarizes basic information on solar hot water (SHW) technologies and their use in the state of New York. This report relies upon published secondary sources and direct interviews with experts in the field. This report covers four major topics: specific SHW technologies deployed in New York, major technology configuration, and an analysis on how installations differ, barriers to widespread solar hot water adoption, research, and literature gaps. The Pace Energy and Climate Center thanks Environmental Defense Fund for its support on this report. Special thanks to Rory Christian, director New York Clean Energy and Abbey Brown, Clean energy project Manager.

13 Feb 2016

Unpacking and Rebutting the Utility Embedded Cost Fallacy

Author: Karl Rábago

Topics: Markets,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: This is a discussion of customer charges and how utilities recover the entire cost of the system.

12 Feb 2016

Unpacking and Rebutting the Utiltiy Embedded Cost Fallacy

Author: Karl Rábago

Topics: DER, Utility Reform,

States: New York,

Resource Type: New Article

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: Monopoly distribution utilities have proposed charges and other mechanisms to collect those system costs as they planned, and want to reduce any credits earned by customer generators in order to make it less economic for customers to become customer generators.

01 Jan 2016

The Net Metering Riddle

Author: Karl Rábago

Topics: DER, Net Metering, Value of Solar,

States: National,

Resource Type: New Article

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: Net metering opponents have done a masterful job in casting the debate around mistaken assumptions. As regulators conduct NEM 2.0 and Value of Solar proceedings, those errant assumptions should be exposed and the real questions addressed.

01 Jan 2016

Comments on Volkswagen

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: DER, Electric Vehicles,

States: National,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: VW ZEV investment program should include support of competitive markets, extended benefits to all communities, protected driver choice, preserve customer choice, encourage innovation, promote EV awareness & outreach, benefit all drivers, and provide process transparency.

01 Jan 2016

Combined Heat and Power on Brownfield Sites

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Linda Shaw, Colleen Cain, Evans Paul

Topics: CHP,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: Remediated brownfield sites offer an attractive and underutilized opportunity for siting clean distributed generation and CHP. Parties who remediate a contaminated site can be eligible for significant financial incentives from the existing NYS Brownfield Cleanup Program tax credits, coupled with NYS incentives through NYSERDA, and federal tax credits.

01 Jan 2016

Retail Rate Impacts of Distributed Solar: Focus on New England

Author: Nick Martin, Karl Rábago

Topics: Climate, Markets, Solar,

States: New England,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2016

Abstract: The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) recently issued a study entitled “Putting the Potential Rate Impacts of Distributed Solar into Context,” authored by Galen Barbose. The LBNL study estimates the potential rate impact of distributed solar on national average retail electricity prices, and importantly, compares that impact to the potential impact of other rate drivers such as natural gas prices, renewable portfolio standards, and utility capital expenditures. This brief applies a similar style analysis as used by LBNL to regional and state level data to estimate more granular impacts for New England. We estimate rate impacts for various penetration rates of net metered distributed solar and compare them to the potential rat...

31 Dec 2015

2015 Annual Report

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Climate,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

01 Nov 2015

Carbon-Tuning New York's Electricity System

Author: Nick Martin

Topics: DER,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: This report provides an analysis of the emission characteristics of New York’s electricity system by estimating marginal emission rates for carbon-dioxide and other pollutants. It shows that marginal emission rates should be incorporated into the design of distributed energy resource (DER) markets and programs to help guide DER deployment towards maximizing emission reductions efficiently and economically. This report was made possible with support from the Heising-Simons Foundation.

01 Nov 2015

The Clean Power Plan Puzzle: The Future of Efforts to Control Pollution in the Northeast

Author: David Gahl, Pearl Gray, Nick Martin

Topics: Climate, RGGI,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: In October 2015 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the first national plan to cut climate pollution from power plants. Called the Clean Power Plan (CPP), the effort requires a 32% nation-wide reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the power sector. The CPP also gives states multiple pathways to comply. Now states are on the clock: they must submit their individual compliance plans or signal their intent to submit multi-state plans by September 2016. The nine states participating in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), the first market-based trading platform established to cut climate pollution from power plants in the Northeast, must now decide the future of the effort. This paper explores a few of...

01 Oct 2015

Microgrids & District Energy: Pathways to Sustainable Urban Development

Author: Dan Leonhardt, Thomas Bourgeois, Brad Bradford, Jordan Gerow, Nick Martin, Laxmi Rao. Support of: Justin Fung, Pearl Gray, Seth Hoedl, Dr. Jonathan Raab, Travis Sheehan

Topics: Microgrids,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: Case Studies

01 Oct 2015

Microgrids & District Energy: Pathways to Sustainable Urban Development

Author: Dan Leonhardt, Thomas Bourgeois, Brad Bradford, Jordan Gerow, Nick Martin, Laxmi Rao. Support of: Justin Fung, Pearl Gray, Seth Hoedl, Dr. Jonathan Raab, Travis Sheehan

Topics: Microgrids,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: This report introduces microgrid concepts, identifies the benefits and most common road blocks to implementation, and discusses proactive steps municipalities can take to advance economically viable and environmentally superior microgrids. It also offers advocacy suggestions for municipal leaders and officials to pursue at the state and regional level. The contents are targeted to municipal government staff but anyone looking for introductory material on microgrids should find it useful.This project was funded by the Urban Sustainability Director's Network (USDN).

01 Oct 2015

The Clean Power Plan Puzzle: The Future of Efforts to Control Climate Pollution in the Northeast

Author: David Gahl, Pearl Gray, Nick Martin

Topics: Emissions, RGGI,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: In October 2015 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the first national plan to cut climate pollution from power plants. Called the Clean Power Plan (CPP), the effort requires a 32% nation-wide reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the power sector. The CPP also gives states multiple pathways to comply. Now states are on the clock: they must submit their individual compliance plans or signal their intent to submit multi-state plans by September 2016.The nine states participating in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), the first market-based trading platform established to cut climate pollution from power plants in the Northeast, must now decide the future of the effort. This paper explores a few of t...

01 Jan 2015

Declaration of Karl R. Rabago in Support of the CPP

Author: Karl R. Rábago

Topics: Climate, DER, Markets,

States: National,

Resource Type: Misc

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: Declaration of Karl Rábago in State of West Virginia, et al. v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, et al. in support of the Clean Power Plan.

01 Jan 2015

Microgrid & District Energy: Pathways to Sustainable Urban Development-Case Studies

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Nick Martin, Laxmi Rao

Topics: CHP, DER,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: These are the case studies for the that report introduces microgrid concepts, identifies the benefits and most common road blocks to implementation, and discusses proactive steps municipalities can take to advance economically viable and environmentally superior microgrids. It also offers advocacy suggestions for municipal leaders and officials to pursue at the state and regional level. The contents are targeted to municipal government staff but anyone looking for introductory material on microgrids should find it useful.

01 Jan 2015

Microgrid & District Energy: Pathways to Sustainable Urban Development

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Nick Martin, Laxmi Rao

Topics: CHP, DER,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: This report provides an introduction to microgrid concepts, identifies the benefits and most common road blocks to implementation, and discusses proactive steps municipalities can take to advance economically viable and environmentally superior microgrids. It also offers advocacy suggestions for municipal leaders and officials to pursue at the state and regional level. The contents are targeted to municipal government staff but anyone looking for introductory material on microgrids should find it useful.

01 Jan 2015

Appendix B-Select EPS Program Synopses

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2015

Abstract: This is the appendix to the 2015 report, Charting the Course for Energy Efficiency in New York, contains program statistics and short descriptions for eight energy efficiency programs designed and run as part of the Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard (EEPS). The purpose of this appendix is to provide readers with an idea of how programs under EEPS achieve energy savings. The eight programs profiled are selected because they represent either on of the largest programs under EEPS in terms of reported energy savings achieved or the lowest Cost per first-year kWh saved among all programs. All reported statistics are drawn directly from the New York Department of Public Service EEPS website and represent reported metrics up to the third quarte...

22 Sep 2014

REV Track 1 Straw Proposal Comments

Author: Pace Energy and Climate Center, Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Environmental Advocates of New York, The Sierra Club, and The Vermont Energy Investment Corporation

Topics: DER, Utility Reform,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: This document revisits and builds upon many of the points raised in a filing submitted on July 18, 2014, by a similar coalition of national and state-based environmental groups, clean energy companies, two academic centers, and one of New York’s leading consumer groups. The Clean Energy Advocates support many aspects of the Proposal. The Proposal describes an ambitious vision that can transform New York’s electricity infrastructure. It encourages the greater deployment of distributed energy resources. The Proposal provides much needed detail about the implementation of REV. It recommends the development of new planning tools and recommends launching several new stakeholder processes. The Clean Energy Advocates are pleased to see signifi...

22 Sep 2014

Pace & supporters’ comments on the NYS Department of Public Service "Straw Proposal" in the landmark Reforming the Energy Vision case (14-M-0101)

Author: Joint Commentors

Topics: REV,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: Comments filed to the NYS Public Service Commission by Pace and supporters (Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Environmental Advocates of New York, the Sierra Club, and the Vermont Energy Investment Corporation) in the landmark Reforming the Energy Vision case (14-M-0101). Filed September 22, 2014.

18 Jul 2014

July 2014 Comments on REV and the Clean Energy Fund

Author: Alliance for Clean Energy New York, The Association for Energy Affordability, The Clean Coalition, Columbia University Center for Climate Change Law, Environmental Advocates of New York, Environmental Defense Fund, Pace Energy and Climate Center, Natural Resources Defense Council, New York Public Interest Research Group, and The Sierra Club

Topics: DER, Utility Reform,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: TThe range and complexity of the issues that the Commission will have to address as we embark on the Reforming the Energy Vision (REV) can seem daunting. The temptation to become "lost in trees" and to lose "sight of the forest" must be resisted. With that in mind, the Joint Commenters offer the following principles as a directional map to the Commission and DPS staff against which specific policies and programs should be evaluated: 1. Emissions reductions must remain central to REV's objectives and outcomes. 2. New York must preserve and affirm its commitments to energy efficiency and renewable energy. 3. Distributed energy resources (DER) should be fully valued to reflect the operational, environmental, and social benefits these resources...

18 Jul 2014

Pace & supporters' comments on the NYS Department of Public Service "Staff Report” in the landmark Reforming the Energy Vision case (14-M-0101) and the Clean Energy Fund case (14-M-0094)

Author: David Gahl and Joint Commentors

Topics: REV,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: Comments filed to the NYS Public Service Commission by Pace and nine supporting organizations in the landmark Reforming the Energy Vision case (14-M-0101 and 14-M-0094). Filed July 18, 2014.

05 Jul 2014

Innovative Financing for Renewable Energy

Author: Richard Ottinger and John Bowie

Topics: DER, Renewables, Solar,

States: International,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: Renewable energy holds great promise for solving the world's energy needs with minimal climate change and pollution consequences. Financing most renewable resources is that they have relatively high initial costs for capital equipment and training, followed by very low costs for the remainder of their lifetime as a result of their utilization of free basic resource inputs. Advances in renewable energy technologies, novel financial instruments, and evolving mobile communication technologies, have spurred creative upfront financing for renewable energy infrastructure.

30 May 2014

Pace Energy and Climate Center comments on the draft 2014 New York State Energy Plan

Author: Dave Gahl, Karl Rábago, Thomas Bourgeois, Andrea Cerbin

Topics: Markets,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: Comments filed to the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and the State Energy Planning Board on the draft New York State Energy Plan. Filed May 30, 2014.

30 May 2014

Comments on the Draft State Energy Plan

Author: David Gahl

Topics: Climate, Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: We offer the following five recommendations. To improve the Final Plan, drafters should: 1) establish near-term, mid-term and long-term GHG reduction targets in straight tonnage terms, but also require GHG reporting in intensity terms; 2) establish aggressive statewide energy efficiency savings targets and renewable energy deployment targets as a way to meet the GHG reduction goals; 3) include more specific action items related to updating building codes, including setting training and outreach goals; 4) establish a statewide transportation emissions reduction goal, and eliminate barriers to electric vehicle deployment to help reduce GHG emissions; and 5) follow through on updating energy-related cost benefit analyses and begin development...

27 Apr 2014

Charting the Course for Energy Efficiency in New York

Author: David Gahl, John Bowie, Nick Martin, Sam Swanson

Topics: Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: Charting a New Course for Energy Efficiency in New York: Lessons from Existing Programs, the report examines the performance of the existing suite of energy efficiency efforts run by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and the state’s investor owned utilities. The latest data shows that through 2014 EEPS program administrators had achieved 79 percent of their to date savings goals. The report focuses on the best ways to transition from the EEPS program model to the emerging REV model. Reviewing publicly available information, this analysis takes stock of what the EEPS has achieved and calls for a REV planning and delivery program that builds upon lessons learned from decades of past efforts to achieve self-sustain...

01 Jan 2014

Power Through Storms

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: CHP, DER, Resiliency,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: NoneCombined Heat and Power delivers business continuity, risk reduction, and critical infrastructure resiliency benefits during times of extreme weather events and wide spread grid outages.

01 Jan 2014

Comments on the REV Proceeding and the Clean Energy Fund

Topics: DER, Utility Reform,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2014

Abstract: The Joint Commenters offer the following principles as a directional map to the Commission and DPS staff against which specific policies and programs should be evaluated: 1. Emissions reductions must remain central to REV’s objectives and outcomes. 2. New York must preserve and affirm its commitments to energy efficiency and renewable energy. 3. Distributed energy resources (DER) should be fully valued to reflect the operational, environmental, and social benefits these resources provide to both the energy system and the public. 4. Any compensation to a Distributed System Platform Provider (DSPP) should be commensurate with its performance in addressing clear public policy objectives established by the Commission, including greenhouse gas...

15 Dec 2013

RGGI EPA Rules Collaborative

Author: Calpine Corporation, Chesapeake Climate Action Network, Consolidated Edison, Environmental Defense Fund, Environment Northeast, Exelon Corporation, National Grid, Natural Resources Defense Council, New England Clean Energy Council, New York Power Authority, Nextera Energy

Topics: Climate, RGGI,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: The Pace Energy and Climate Center has convened a group of utilities, electric generators, environmental groups, a business coalition and state officials from the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic (NEMA) region to engage EPA on the development of federal guidelines under Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act. The Collaborative also seeks to foster understanding of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) among state officials and stakeholders in states not currently participating in RGGI. This document presents RGGI-focused answers to the questions posed by EPA to states and stakeholders in late September 2013.

01 Jul 2013

Commity Energy Brief: CHP in Hospitals

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: CHP, DER, Resiliency,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: Combined heat and power systems can provide power, hot water, and space heating and cooling more reliably, more efficiently, and at lower costs than traditional systems. For these reasons, in addition to the ability to provide power during grid outages, hospitals make ideal hosts for CHP systems.

01 May 2013

Sizing up Progress Toward '15 by '15

Author: Jordan Stutt, Jackson Morris

Topics: Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: The 2012 EEPS update

08 Apr 2013

RPS Comments: Case 03-E-0188, NYSERDA Petition Regarding Unencumbered CST Funds

Author: Adam Cohn

Topics: Misc,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: Pace comments submitted to the PSC in support of NYSERDA's proposal to reallocate CST funds

08 Apr 2013

Support of NYSERDA's Proposal to Reallocate CST Funds

Author: Adam Cohn

Topics: Technology,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: NYSERDA's proposed reallocation will enlarge the Solar PV 2013 budget by more than 30%, an increase of $11.6 million. Pace agrees with this decision to use unencumbered funds to boost the Solar PV budget, as it will help meet the bold targets set forth in Governor Cuomo's NY-Sun initiative. The additional funding for Solar PV will also lead to increased stability in New York's solar market and is expected to result in 15 MW of additional installed solar capacity. At the same time, we recognize the importance of sustained, robust support for all of the CST technologies in order to ensure the state's RPS drives the adoption of a diverse universe of renewable resources. As proposed, we support the NYSERDA reallocation, as it successfully balan...

08 Feb 2013

RGGI Dialogue Model Rule

Author: Jackson Moris

Topics: RGGI,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Press Release

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: Improving this already successful program, the RGGI states have signaled that they are serious about tackling climate change in a pragmatic, forward thinking manner, while also demonstrating to Washington that many parts of the country are moving forward on the issue.

08 Feb 2013

Power Companies, Environmental Groups Commend Northeast and Mid-Atlantic States for Strengthened Climate Change Program

Author: Jackson Morris

Topics: Emissions, RGGI,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Press Release

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: The new model rule to drive greater reductions in CO2 emissions from power plants in the region and increase investments in clean energy.

01 Jan 2013

Pace Brochure

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Misc,

States: None,

Resource Type: Misc

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: none

01 Jan 2013

New York's Renewabel Portfolio Standard: Where to From Here?

Author: Jacson Morris, Andrea Cerbin, Jordan Stutt, Adam Cohn

Topics: Climate, Renewable Energy,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: This report provides an analysis of New York's progress towards its Renewable Portfolio Standard, which aims to meet 30% of the state's electricity consumption with renewable generation by 2015. 'New York's Renewable Portfolio Standard: Where To From Here?' offers an assessment of the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead, as well as a series of recommendations as to how New York can more effectively achieve greater deployment of cost-effective renewable resources.

01 Jan 2013

Community Energy Brief: Powering Through Storms

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: CHP, Climate,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: Combined heat and power delivers business continuity, risk reduction, and critical infrastructure resiliency benefits during grid outages caused by storms.

01 Jan 2013

Can the US get There from Here?

Author: Franz Litz, Nicholas M. Bianco, Kristin Igusky Meek, Rebecca Gasper

Topics: Climate,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: Climate change impacts in the United States are increasingly evident and come with steep economic and social costs. The frequency and intensity of extreme weather events has increased in recent years, bringing record-breaking heat, heavy precipitation, coastal flooding, severe droughts, and damaging wildfires. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), weather-related damages in the United States were $60 billion in 2011, and are expected to be significantly greater in 2012. The mounting costs convey an unmistakable urgency to address climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This report examines pathways for GHG reductions in the United States through actions taken at the federal and state le...

01 Jan 2013

Community Microgrids: Smarter, Cleaner, Greener

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Jordan Gerow, Franz Litz, and Nick Martin

Topics: CHP, DER,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2013

Abstract: Community Microgrids: Smarter, Cleaner, Greener is an introductory report on community microgrids and the many benefits they offer. It lays out a roadmap for communities considering microgrids from setting goals and identifying the vision for a project to choosing sites, completing analyses, acquiring financing, and getting approval to build. The report also considers the regulatory environment for microgrid development and offers recommendations for making the region friendlier to microgrids. This document should be read by municipal and community leaders, state and local government and regulatory officials, emergency managers, large business owners, and any other individuals interested in resilient, affordable, and clean energy.

07 Dec 2012

Pace and Supporters' Comments in Favor of Increased Efficiency Budgets in the Wake of Hurricane Sandy

Author: Joint Commentors

Topics: Climate,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: None

07 Dec 2012

Pace Supports Increased Efficiency Budgets in the Wake of Hurricane Sandy

Author: Jackson Morris, Jordan Stutt, Donna deCostanzo, Josh Berman, Lisa Dix, Mark Kresowik, Sarah Eckel, Carol E. Murphy, Ross Gould

Topics: Climate, Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Comments filed to the New York PSC by Pace and supporters (NRDC, Sierra Club, Citizens Campaign for the Environment, Alliance for Clean Energy New York and Environmental Advocates of New York) following Hurricane Sandy, advocating for increased efficiency budgets in the wake of Sandy and future storms.

01 Jun 2012

Market Programs Primer

Author: Tim Banach

Topics: Markets,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Market-based environmental protection programs offer numerous economic, administrative, and performance advantages over traditional command-and-control approaches. This work highlights key design features of various state and regional market-based environmental programs currently operating in New York and evaluates their success.

01 Jun 2012

The Impact of Climate Change on the Rural Environments of the Northeast

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Climate,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Fact Sheet

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: This fact sheet was created for the “Focus on Change” conference held June of 2012. It explores the consequences of extreme weather conditions on the rural environments of the Northeast. It exposes the vulnerabilities and stresses that will be placed on rural populations and ecosystems as a result of climate change.

16 Apr 2012

Summary of Proposed Rule

Author: Franz Litz, Nicholas Bianco, Kristin Meek

Topics: Climate,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Standards of Performance for Greenhouse Gas Emissions for New Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units

16 Apr 2012

Summary: Standards of performance for Greenhouse Gas Emissions for New Stationay Sources

Author: Franz Litz, Nicholas M. Bianco, Kristin Igusky Meek

Topics: Emissions, GHG,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Summary of proposed rule on GHG emissions standards for new stationary sources: electric utility generating units.

01 Jan 2012

Impact of Climate Change on the Rural Environments of the Northeast

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: Climate,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Explores the consequences of extreme weather conditions on the rural environments of the Northeast.

01 Jan 2012

Biofuels Fact Sheet

Author: Dan Welch

Topics: Alternative Fuels,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Biofuel fact sheet

01 Jan 2012

Electric Vehicles Fact Sheet

Author: Dan Welch

Topics: Electric Vehicles,

States: National,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Electric vehicle fact sheet

01 Jan 2012

The Impact of Climate Change on the Urban Environments of the Northeast

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: CHP, Technology, Utility Reform,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Explores the consequences of extreme weather conditions on the urban environments of the Northeast.

01 Jan 2012

Market-based Environmental Programs in New York State: A Primer

Author: Tim Banach

Topics: Emissions, Markets,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: The broad goal of environmental regulation is to protect human health and the environment. To that end, regulation often seeks to prevent or control the release of pollutants into the air or water or onto the land. New York State regulators have approached the control of pollution in two ways: through command-and-control requirements and market-based mechanisms. This primer introduces market-based mechanisms currently employed in New York State environmental regulation.

01 Jan 2012

Energy Efficiency in New York: Midcourse Status Report of '15 by '15

Author: Jackson Morris, Jordan Stutt

Topics: Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: This report reviews progress to date makes recommendations for improving these programs and making New York "Number one" for energy efficiency.

01 Jan 2012

Natural Gas Vehicles Fact Sheet

Author: Dan Welch

Topics: Alternative Fuels,

States: National,

Resource Type: Fact Sheet

Adoption Year: 2012

Abstract: Natural gas vehicle fact sheet

30 Dec 2011

Policy Brief: Analysis of surplus emission allowances in the regional greenhouse gas initiative (RGGI) and state control of the surplus.

Author: Laurence DeWitt, Jackson Morris

Topics: RGGI,

States: Northeast,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: This brief details the expected emissions from RGGI units during the first compliance period. It explores ways that surplus allowances can be eliminated making the RGGI cap binding.

30 Dec 2011

Analysis of Surplus Emission Allowances in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) and State Control of the Surplus

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: RGGI,

States: New England,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: Analysis of Surplus Emission Allowances in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) and State Control of the Surplus.

30 Jun 2011

Valuing and Supporting the Expanded Deployment of Grid-connected Distributed Generation in New York State

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Todd Olinsky-Paul, William Pentland, and Sam Swanson

Topics: DER, Utility Reform,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: New York State's existing portfolio of policy and program initiatives provides a foundation for expanding the deployment of interconnected DG resources, but progress is slow. The overarching question remains: what are the essential ingredients of a comprehensive effort that could significantly increase the role DG plays in New York's electric service delivery system?

30 Jun 2011

Valuing and Supporting the Expanded Deployment of Grid-Connected Distribution Generation in New York State

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Todd Olinsky-Paul, William Pentland, Sam Swanson

Topics: DER,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: New York, like many other states, has committed to achieving significant renewable energy targets in the near future. Meeting these targets implies that the penetration level of smaller scale, interconnected distributed generation (DG) is inevitably going to increase markedly over the next decade or two.

29 Mar 2011

Energy Performance MLS Opportunity Assessment

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Sam Swanson, Todd Olinsky-Paul

Topics: Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: The overarching goal of this project is to use the "multiple listing service" (MLS), a standard marketing tool of the real estate industry, to encourage homeowners in NYS to make beneficial investments in improving the energy performance, that is the "energy efficiency", of their homes. The industry's green MLS programs offer a foundation of valuable experience that may be tapped to develop an energy efficiency focused MLS program in New York

01 Feb 2011

What's Ahead for Power Plants and Industry

Author: Franz Litz, Nicholas Bianco, Michael B. Gerrard, and Gregory E. Wannier

Topics: DER, Utility Reform,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: In the absence of congressional action on climate change, all eyes are on the states and the EPA to see how they will regulate GHG from existing large power plants and industrial facilities. This working paper explores a promising pathway for the states and EPA to make these reductions using the standards in the Clean Air Act.

01 Feb 2011

Deployment of Distributed Generation for Grid Support and Distribution System Infrastructure: A Summary Analysis of DG Benefits and Case Studies

Author: Franz Litz, Nicholas Bianco, Michael B. Gerrard, and Gregory E. Wannier

Topics: CHP, DER, Energy Efficiency,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: Distributed generation (DG) and combined heat and power (CHP), and more broadly Distributed Energy Resources (DER) that encompasses DG, CHP, and energy efficiency resources (EE) can provide numerous benefits both to the electric transmission and distribution (T&D) and to society overall. For some time, the potential benefits of DG CHP have been identified, speculated upon, and in some instances, analyzed and quantified. Studies have been conducted by industry participants, utilities, regulators and their national and regional organizations, the Department of Energy and the National Energy labs, and numerous energy experts and consultants. These numerous studies have identified numerous benefits including avoided costs of energy, generation...

01 Jan 2011

CHP in Hospitals

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: CHP, DER, Resiliency,

States: National,

Resource Type: Fact Sheet

Adoption Year: 2011

Abstract: Overview of the benefits CHP offers to support the mission of hospitals

01 Jul 2010

Using Existing Federal Authorities and State Action

Author: Nicholas Bianco, Franz Litz, Madeline Gottlieb, Thomas Damassa

Topics: DER, Energy Efficiency, Renewables,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2010

Abstract: Greenhouse gas emissions reductions by federal and state governments suggests a range of potential outcomes is possible. On the federal level, whether reductions are achieved at the lower end of upper end of the range depends on the extent to which the Obama Administration and subsequent administrations use existing regulatory authority to go after reductions shown to be technically possible in the literature. On the state level, whether reductions are realized at the lower or upper end of the rand projected depend similarly on the continued resolve by governors and legislative leaders in the 25 states counted as having taken actions. The findings set out here represent an assessment of what is possible given available inputs for some key s...

01 Jul 2010

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the United States

Author: Nicholas M. Bianco, Franz Litz, Madeline Gottlieb, Thomas Damassa

Topics: Emissions,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2010

Abstract: None

01 Jan 2010

Realizing Real-Time Pricing's Promise: What CHP Offers MHP

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, William Pentland

Topics: Markets,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2010

Abstract: Real-time pricing (RTP) programs provide economic incentives for customers to reduce energy consumption during peak hours. Several states have created RTP rate structures – voluntary and mandatory – on various categories of customers, usually industrial, larger commercial and institutional customers. In 2006, New York State imposed mandatory hourly pricing (MHP) for all distribution utilities on a select group of customers initially ranging in size from 1,000 kW maximum peak demand to 1,500 kW maximum peak demand, depending upon the utility. The maximum peak demand level triggering mandatory hourly pricing was scheduled to drop over time, so that by Spring 2011 all customers with maximum peak demand levels in the range of 300 kW to 500...

01 Jan 2010

Realizing Real Time Pricing Promise: What CHP Offers MHP

Author: Thomas Bourgeois and William Pentland

Topics: CHP,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2010

Abstract: Real-time pricing (RTP) programs provide economic incentives for customers to reduce energy consumption during peak hours. Several states have created RTP rate structures voluntary and mandatory – on various categories of customers, usually industrial, larger commercial and institutional customers. In 2006, New York State imposed mandatory hourly pricing (MHP) for all distribution utilities on a select group of customers initially ranging in size from 1,000 kW maximum peak demand to 1,500 kW maximum peak demand, depending upon the utility. The maximum peak demand level triggering mandatory hourly pricing was scheduled to drop over time, so that by Spring 2011 all customers with maximum peak demand levels in the range of 300 kW to 500 kW w...

01 Oct 2009

Keeping the Lights on in the State Laboratory

Author: Nicholas Bianco, Franz Litz

Topics: Emissions,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2009

Abstract: In the United States, state governments have been leaders in addressing climate change through a wide range of energy, environmental, land use and transportation policies. As the United States Congress moves closer to enacting federal cap-and-trade legislation for greenhouse gases, lawmakers should carefully consider how to preserve robust state action. If states are to continue to innovate and achieve reductions in emissions from capped entities after a federal cap-and-trade program is implemented, such state action will need to be accounted for within the federal program. In practical terms, this will require retiring federal greenhouse gas emission allowances, rendering them ineligible for trading or future use, to reflect state-achieved...

25 Jun 2009

Brownfield Tax Credits: An Incentive for Siting CHP

Author: Prepared for by NYSERDA

Topics: CHP,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2009

Abstract: Recently enacted state legislation provides a significant suite of state tax credits aimed at brownfield redevelopment. These refundable credits are directly applicable to any capital investment at an eligible site. Brownfield redevelopment tax credits coupled with other financial incentives can encourage the use of CHP where such use is suitable for brownfield redevelopment. Using cost-effective CHP at a brownfield site to better manage energy costs could improve project economics for the brownfield developer, the end use property owner and tenants at the site.

08 Dec 2008

Reply Brief: Proceeding on Motion of the Commission as to the Rates, Charges, Rules, and Regulations of ConEd for Electric Services

Author: PECC Staff

Topics: CHP, DER, Utility Reform,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2008

Abstract: Offering testimony on the issue of actions that ConEd can take to encourage development of DER and CHP within its service territory.

17 Nov 2008

Initial Comments: Proceeding on Motion of the Commission as to the Rates, Charges, Rules, and Regulations of ConEd for electric Service

Author: James M. Van Nostrand

Topics: Solar,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Comments

Adoption Year: 2008

Abstract: Concerns proposed revisions that would increase the target level of photovoltaics and other on-peak resources in high-cost areas.

01 Sep 2008

Federalism in the Green House: Defining a Role for States in a Federal Cap-and-Trade Program

Author: Franz Litz and Kathryn Zyla

Topics: Cap and Trade, Carbon Tax,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Policy Brief

Adoption Year: 2008

Abstract: Defining a role for states within a federal cap-and-trade program will require balancing the benefits of preserving states’ ability to innovate and spur emissions reductions with the challenges that state-by-state regulation may create for some businesses. Finding the approach that draws on the unique strengths of each level of government will help ensure a more effective nationwide cap-and-trade program and a more cost-effective means for reducing emissions. However, it requires expressly providing a mechanism for state action in the federal law. This policy brief presents the competing arguments for state-led and federal-led climate legislation, and argues for a third—“hybrid”—approach that maximizes the strengths of each level...

01 Jun 2008

Toward a Constructive Dialogue on Federal and State Roles in US Climate Change Policy

Author: Franz Litz

Topics: Climate,

States: Federal,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2008

Abstract: A number of arguments exist to support state-level action on climate change. States have historically played a role as effective first-movers on important environmental issues, functioning as policy innovators, testing policies that have later been adopted at the federal level. States also bring an understanding of the unique circumstances within their boundaries and a familiarity with their stakeholders. States drive federal action, sometimes insisting that policies be strengthened even after the federal government has acted.

01 Jan 2007

State Experiences with Financial Incentives to Promote Clean Distributed Energy: Greenhouse Gas Reductions with CHP

Author: Thomas Bourgeois and Chris Young

Topics: CHP, DER,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2007

Abstract: Many states have promulgated energy incentive schemes to achieve a wide variety of policy goals. Considering the context of diverse incentives and policies that promote both renewable energy (RE) and combined heat and power (CHP), this paper examines direct capacity grant incentive programs in four states (CA, CT, NJ and NY) to determine broad differences regarding their cost effectiveness, both in achieving installed capacity, and in achieving reductions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Using two methodologies and assumptions to estimate the GHG reductions attributable to different RE and CHP technology types, the paper determines dollars of incentive per ton of CO2 reduction. CHP incentives generally offer a better value per dollar of i...

28 Jun 2006

Quantifying Residential PV Economics in the US: Payback vs Cashflow Determination of Fair Energy Value

Author: Richard Perez, Linda Anne Burtis, Tom Hoff, Sam Swanson, Christy Herig

Topics: Markets, Solar,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2006

Abstract: Payback is often used as a measure of profitability by prospective PV owners. Contrasting this measure with another financial gauge -- life-cycle cash flow -- the paper discusses why payback may not be the most appropriate measure for residential PV applications and why it may hide sound financial opportunities for those deciding to invest in a PV system. In parallel, the paper addresses another aspect of economic feasibility: the value of energy produced. For residential applications, this value is currently set at residential net-metered retail rates. We present preliminary evidence that a higher value, reflective of the local effective capacity of PV ought to be claimed for residential PV applications.

01 Jun 2006

Guidebook for Small Combined Heat and Power Systems Seeking to Obtain Emissions Reduction Credits in New York State

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Daniel Rosenblum, Chris Young

Topics: CHP, Emissions,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2006

Abstract: Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is typically more efficient than the separate generation of electricity in a central power plant and production of heat in an on-site boiler. This improved efficiency can result in a reduction of air pollutant emissions. CHP projects with significant reductions in emissions are eligible to participate in the NYSDEC emission reduction credit (ERC) program. Facilities certifying ERCs can trade them, thereby improving the financial benefit of installing CHP. This guidebook is intended to assist facility managers with quantifying emissions reduction credits. An additional report, “Emissions Allowance Market Opportunities for Small Scale CHP Projects,” (NYSERDA Report #06-04) evaluates how allowance-based regula...

01 Mar 2006

Inspector Guidelines for PV Systems

Author: Prepared for Pace by Brooks Engineering

Topics: Solar,

States: National,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2006

Abstract: This report provides some background to the Inspector Guidelines that follow. This work is part of the Renewable Energy Technology Analysis Project of the Pace Law School Energy Project. These guidelines provide a framework for the permitting and inspection of PV systems. These are two separate guidelines since jurisdictions normally treat the process in two steps. First is the plan check stage where the information is reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Second is the field inspection stage where the installation is reviewed for compliance with the approved plans.

01 Dec 2005

The Role of Distributed Generation in Power Quality and Reliability

Author: Thomas Bourgeios, Daniel Rosenblum, Ken Darrow, Bruce Hedman

Topics: DER,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2005

Abstract: The nature of business and power consumption has changed considerably over the last two decades. Facilities of all kinds now make widespread use of sensitive electronic components, computers and programmable logic controllers. There is also a growing need for reliable and continuous communications with customers, suppliers, and financial institutions. Many businesses suffer economic losses when electric power interruptions occur or even when there are voltage or current abnormalities present in the power delivery. While the performance of the U.S. and New York electric utility industries is extremely good, even this level of performance is not sufficient to protect customers with highly sensitive loads from economic losses. These customers...

20 Sep 2005

Allocation of Emissions Allowances for the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative

Author: Cliff W. Hamal and Alan L. Madian

Topics: Emissions, RGGI,

States: New England,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2005

Abstract: The RGGI proposal under discussion among in New England and Mid-Atlantic states has resulted in a preliminary agreement to establish CO2 cap and trade program. Emission allowances worth billions of dollars may be given away to start the program. Intense interest in this allocation should be expected.

01 May 2003

Clean Distributed Generation In New York State: State and Local Siting, Permitting and Code Issues

Author: Thomas Bourgeois, Adam Hinge, Anish A. Joshi, and Bruce Headman

Topics: CHP, DER,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2003

Abstract: A major hurdle in obtaining approvals for DG/CHP project is lack of clarity about what requirements exist, which agencies have jurisdiction, what agency processes must be followed, the timetable for approvals. This lack of clarity can consume time and money for both developers and agency staff, in the form of research, meeting, review, and correction of applications, re-design of projects, and construction modifications.

26 Apr 2002

Renewable Certificates for Photovoltaics: A Model To Build Upon

Author: Sam Swanson, Janis C. Pepper

Topics: DER, Renewables, Solar,

States: New York,

Resource Type: Report

Adoption Year: 2002

Abstract: There is a growing demand by customers in the marketplace for solar photovoltaic (PV) generated electricity. Consumers want to support PV even though they may not be able to afford to have their own PV system on their roof. By trading PV "certificates" in the wholesale market, aggregators or utilities can offer a certificate-backed retail product to consumers, allowing them to support the use of PV without having to make a large investment. This can occur in the retail market where consumers either have the ability to choose a green energy option offered by a load-serving entity or through a green pricing program offered by a utility company.